{"id":2736,"date":"2024-09-11T07:04:39","date_gmt":"2024-09-11T14:04:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pirg.org\/oregon\/foundation\/resources\/accidents-waiting-to-happen-oil-pipelines\/"},"modified":"2024-10-17T08:12:48","modified_gmt":"2024-10-17T15:12:48","slug":"accidents-waiting-to-happen-oil-pipelines","status":"publish","type":"resource","link":"https:\/\/pirg.org\/oregon\/foundation\/resources\/accidents-waiting-to-happen-oil-pipelines\/","title":{"rendered":"Accidents Waiting to Happen: Oil Pipelines"},"featured_media":54464,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":false,"_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-nofollow":false,"_yoast_wpseo_opengraph-title":"","_yoast_wpseo_opengraph-description":"","_yoast_wpseo_twitter-title":"","_yoast_wpseo_twitter-description":""},"campaign_tax":[],"display_option":[],"issue_tax":[],"resource_type":[65],"region_tax":[],"state":[2],"topic_tax":[111,104,113],"class_list":["post-2736","resource","type-resource","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"details":{"helper_taxonomies":{"topics":[104,111,113],"collection":false,"press_type":false,"person_type":false,"resource_type":65,"event_type":false,"campaigns":false,"department":false,"level":false,"states":[2],"act_option":false,"display_option":false,"primary":{"topic":111}},"subtitle":"","excerpt":"Pipelines transport billions of barrels of oil across the U.S. each year, frequently passing over or near waterways. Since 2004, pipeline spills have released more than 750,000 barrels of oil into the environment. ","featured_image":54464,"caption_override":"","updated_on":null,"sidebar_action":"","related_event":"","hide_hero_image":false,"location":"internal","external_link":{"publication_name":"","url":""},"file":null,"sidebar_action_query_string":""},"helper_people_group":{"title":"Authors","entities":[{"type":"dynamic","dynamic_person":{"site":3,"people":"99"},"information":{"name":"","image":null,"role":"","biography":"","contact":{"twitter":"","facebook":"","email":"","phone":""}}},{"type":"dynamic","dynamic_person":{"site":15,"people":"6115"},"information":{"name":"","image":null,"role":"","biography":"","contact":{"twitter":"","facebook":"","email":"","phone":""}}}]},"helper_downloads":{"title":"Downloads","files":null},"page_layout":[{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thousands of miles of pipelines transport billions of barrels of oil across the U.S. each year, frequently passing over or near rivers, streams and other waterways. Since 2004, there have been more than <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,187 \u201csignificant incidents\u201d involving spills of crude oil from pipelines, releasing 750,000<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/portal.phmsa.dot.gov\/analytics\/saw.dll?Portalpages&amp;PortalPath=%2Fshared%2FPDM%20Public%20Website%2F_portal%2FSC%20Incident%20Trend&amp;Page=Significant\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> barrels <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of oil into the environment.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<h3><strong>Oil pipelines threaten our waterways<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The U.S. has <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2021\/12\/16\/mapping-world-oil-gas-pipelines-interactive\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">largest oil pipeline network<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of any country in the world. Pipelines stretching a total of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.phmsa.dot.gov\/data-and-statistics\/pipeline\/annual-report-mileage-hazardous-liquid-or-carbon-dioxide-systems\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">223,000 miles<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> transport <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalenergyinstitute.org\/pipelines-power-america#:~:text=Liquid%20pipelines%20deliver%20over%2016.2,gasoline%2C%20diesel%2C%20and%20ethane.\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">16.2 billion barrels of petroleum products<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> across the country each year, including crude oil, gasoline and diesel.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pipelines often <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/earthworks.org\/issues\/pipelines\/#:~:text=Most%20are%20buried%20underground%20and%20many%20cross%20under%20rivers\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cross or run alongside rivers, streams and other waterways<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and frequently spill. These spills can cause devastating harm to wildlife, including <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nps.gov\/subjects\/spillresponse\/spilleffects.htm\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">internal organ damage, reproductive problems<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and death<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\r\n<\/span>\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_54463\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"1024\"]<img class=\"size-large wp-image-54463\" src=\"https:\/\/frontiergroup.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/oil-spills-map-080524-1024x724.jpg\" alt=\"Map of spills from oil and petroleum products pipelines in the U.S. from 2020 through August 4, 2024.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"724\" \/> Map of spills from oil and petroleum products pipelines in the U.S. from 2020 through August 4, 2024. (See source information below.)[\/caption]","":null}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h3><strong>Oil spills from pipelines are common<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pipeline-related accidents \u2013 caused by <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.phmsa.dot.gov\/incident-reporting\/accident-investigation-division\/pipeline-failure-causes\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pipeline corrosion, incorrect operation, equipment failure<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> or other factors \u2013 are alarmingly common. From 2004 to 2023, across the country, there were 1,187 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.phmsa.dot.gov\/data-and-statistics\/pipeline\/pipeline-incident-flagged-files\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201csignificant incidents\u201d involving spills of crude oil from pipelines, with a total of 750,000 barrels of oil spilled into the environment<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recent pipeline spills have caused serious pollution of local waterways:\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In June 2024, a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.myarklamiss.com\/news\/top-stories\/clean-up-efforts-for-oil-spill-in-smackover-arkansas\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pipeline spilled oil<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Smackover, Ark. More than <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/response.epa.gov\/site\/bulletins_list.aspx?site_id=16514\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">100,000 gallons of crude oil<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> leaked into surrounding areas, including Smackover Creek and Holmes Creek, which flow into the Ouachita River. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/katv.com\/news\/local\/a-dozen-turtles-frogs-and-other-animals-recovered-from-oil-spill-by-smackover-yesterday\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Turtles and frogs<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> had to be cleaned and released by a coordinated response team.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In January 2015, a pipeline rupture near Glendive, Mont., <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/dojmt.gov\/lands\/sites\/bridger-yellowstone-river-oil-spill-2015\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">spilled at least 30,000 gallons<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of oil into the Yellowstone River, causing the governor to declare a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2015\/01\/20\/378660013\/montana-governor-declares-state-of-emergency-after-river-oil-spill\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">state of emergency<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The spill contaminated drinking water for 6,000 people, forcing them to rely on bottled water after cancer-causing benzene was detected. The spill also caused <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/dojmt.gov\/lands\/sites\/bridger-yellowstone-river-oil-spill-2015\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">lesions and gill problems<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in fish, and likely harmed migratory birds using the river.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","":null}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_large_image","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_large_image":{"width":"narrow","image":54461,"caption_override":""}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h3><strong>Threat spotlight: Toxic oil spills from the Keystone Pipeline<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Keystone Pipeline System, which transports crude oil through the United States and Canada, threatens thousands of waterways along its route. The almost <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tcenergy.com\/operations\/oil-and-liquids\/keystone-pipeline-system\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3,000-mile-long pipeline<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> makes <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/frontiergroup.org\/articles\/keystone-pipeline-makes-2370-waterway-crossings\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,370 waterway crossings<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, more than 300 crossings in each of the six U.S. states it passes through. The pipeline also passes through at least 455 miles of Federal Emergency Management Agency-designated flood zones.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The crude tar sands oil that the pipeline transports <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2022\/dec\/21\/oil-spills-keystone-pipeline-seem-worse-kansas\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">contains bitumen<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which can sink below the surface of a waterway when spilled and accumulates quickly on sediment. This is dangerous to wildlife, as oil exposure can lead to smothering, drowning, hypothermia and acute toxicity from ingestion.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Keystone Pipeline has been the source of multiple oil spills. In December 2022, for example, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/kansasreflector.com\/2023\/04\/21\/massive-pipeline-spill-caused-by-crack-created-during-installation-third-party-review-concludes\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the rupture of a crack in the pipeline<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> caused <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/nebraskaexaminer.com\/briefs\/keystone-pipeline-owner-blames-kansas-spill-on-faulty-weld-estimates-480m-remediation-cost\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">more than 500,000 gallons<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of crude oil to pour into a creek in Washington County, Kan., <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kansascity.com\/news\/state\/kansas\/article275563101.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">killing more than 100 animals<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. This was not an isolated incident. Since 2010, there have been at least <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2022\/dec\/21\/oil-spills-keystone-pipeline-seem-worse-kansas\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">22 spills<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from the Keystone Pipeline: in 2017, the pipeline spilled <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/keystone-pipeline-significant-spills-heres-what-to-know\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">210,000 gallons of crude oil<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Amherst, S.D., and in 2019, 383,000 gallons leaked in Edinburg, N.D. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<h3><strong>Protect American waterways from damaging spills<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oil pipelines put America\u2019s streams and rivers at risk, but it doesn\u2019t have to be that way. Policymakers have a number of options to protect our waterways from pipeline spills. Policymakers should:<\/span><b>\u00a0<\/b>\r\n\r\n<b>Reject new oil pipelines. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Every new pipeline near our rivers and streams is another accident waiting to happen \u2013 especially when the industry can\u2019t seem to properly maintain and operate the ones it already has.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\n<b>Use their authority under the Clean Water Act<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to protect waterways from new pipelines. Specifically, state policymakers can:\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Extend clean water protections to their remaining wetlands, especially following the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/environmentamerica.org\/media-center\/statement-many-wetlands-lose-clean-water-act-protections\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">loss of federal protection<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for many existing wetlands.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Strengthen their anti-degradation programs under the Clean Water Act, so as to bar the siting of new risky facilities like oil pipelines that could leak or spill devastating pollution into pristine creeks and other designated waters.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Use their authority under <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/cwa-401\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Section 401<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the Clean Water Act to stop pipelines that pose risks to clean water.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<b>Set and enforce strict standards for pipelines. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ensuring that pipelines are <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/earthworks.org\/issues\/pipelines\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">regularly inspected and monitored<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, with significant penalties for safety violations, can protect the public and waterways from the impact of spills.<\/span>\r\n\r\n<b>Transition to clean energy. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The surest way to end the risk of oil pipeline spills is to eliminate our dependence on oil in the first place.<\/span>\r\n<h3><strong>To find out more<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To find pipelines in your county, check out the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration\u2019s <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pvnpms.phmsa.dot.gov\/PublicViewer\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">interactive map<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">View Earthjustice\u2019s <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/earthjustice.org\/feature\/fighting-pipelines-fossil-fuels-oil-and-gas\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">resources<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on impacts of and recent developments in oil pipeline operation.<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For more information on oil pipeline regulation, see the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission\u2019s <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ferc.gov\/oil\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">website<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Frontier Group intern Hailey Seo contributed to this resource.\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Pipeline map source detail:<\/strong> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Includes \u201csignificant incidents\u201d involving unintentional releases of oil and refined products that are liquid at room temperature. Data obtained from U.S.\u00a0Pipeline and Hazardous Material Safety Administration,\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pipeline Incident Flagged Files\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Excel file), downloaded from\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.phmsa.dot.gov\/data-and-statistics\/pipeline\/pipeline-incident-flagged-files\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.phmsa.dot.gov\/data-and-statistics\/pipeline\/pipeline-incident-flagged-files<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, August 5, 2024. Location of U.S. crude oil pipelines was obtained from U.S. Energy Information Administration,\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">U.S. Energy Atlas:<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Crude Oil Pipelines\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(GIS shapefile) downloaded from\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/atlas.eia.gov\/datasets\/ae809a7e79354d31ab37da8df6352f84_0\/explore\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/atlas.eia.gov\/datasets\/ae809a7e79354d31ab37da8df6352f84_0\/explore<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, August 5, 2024. Location of U.S. petroleum products pipelines was obtained from U.S.\u00a0Energy Information Administration, U.S. Energy Atlas: Petroleum Product Pipelines (GIS shapefile), downloaded from\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/atlas.eia.gov\/datasets\/eia::petroleum-product-pipelines\/explore\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/atlas.eia.gov\/datasets\/eia::petroleum-product-pipelines\/explore<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, August 5, 2024.<\/span>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","":null}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_featured_action","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_featured_action":{"action":"","action_query_string":""}}],"site_specific_content":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.8 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Accidents Waiting to Happen: Oil Pipelines<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pipelines transport billions of barrels of oil across the U.S. each year, frequently passing over or near waterways. 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